8 St. John's Square - Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin and Helen Coleridge Davis

8 St. John's Square, Wakefield © Ancestral Enquiries 2025

Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin and Helen Coleridge Davis were only residents of 8 St. John's Square for a short period around 1911. However, Mabel went on to have a massive impact in women's policing, social work, child welfare and community work. This blog is mostly about Mabel but mentions Helen on occasions.

Mabel was born on 26th September 1876 at 3 Brunswick Square, Bristol to William Henry Cowlin and Annie Cowlin (nee Scull). Mabel's father William Henry was a builder in a family business founded by Mabel's grandfather, William Cowlin in 1834. One of the contracts undertaken by Mabel's brother, Conrad Cowlin was the rebuilding of Government buildings in Jamaica after a major earthquake in 1907 (1 & 2).

Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin 1876 Birth, Bristol, Gloucestershire © General Register Office (1)

The map below shows Brunswick Square where Mabel was born and St. Paul Portland Square, Bristol where she lived when she was baptised on the 25th February 1877. Mabel appears to have lived in three residential squares when St. John's Square, Wakefield was included (3 & 4).

Brunswick Square & Portland Square, St. Paul's, Bristol, 1885 © Ordnance Survey (3)

The 1881 Census shows that Mabel grew up in a large household with her parents, three old sisters, two older brothers, three younger sisters and two domestic servants. The scale of her father's business was revealed when it was confirmed he employed 75 men and three boys (5).

William Henry Cowlin 1881 England Census © The National Archives & Find My Past (5)

 Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin 1881 England Census © The National Archives & Find My Past (5)

Mabel's parents William Henry and Annie had married on the 23rd October 1866 at St. Clement in Bristol (6).

By 1891 the family had moved to Westbury on Trym which is now a suburb of north Bristol. The two oldest boys William and Francis were working as building contractors. There was an additional younger brother Conrad born in 1883 (7). A check of the General Register Office online indexes at (8) confirms there were nine children in total.

Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin 1891 England Census © The National Archives & Find My Past (7)

Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin 1891 England Census © The National Archives & Find My Past (7)

Mabel attended Redland High School, Bristol and in November 1892 the Clifton Society newspaper reported her Lower Certificate results where she attained first class in English History and second class in French, Arithmetic, English, Mathematics (additional), Mechanics and Physics (9)

Clifton Society, Bristol, 17th November 1892. © British Newspaper Archive & Find My Past (9)

By 1901 Mabel had left Bristol and moved to Bakewell, Derbyshire and was working as an assistant mistress at a school. The head of the household of the family Mabel stayed with Charles Mansford was the headmaster at a grammar school (10).

Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin 1901 England Census © The National Archives & Find My Past (10)

By 1911 Mabel was living at 8 St. John's Square and was working at a High School Mistress at the Wakefield Girls' High School. Interestingly living with Mabel was Helen Davis, age 30 from Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Both Mabel and Helen were listed with a Particulars as to Marriage of Single but Helen's Relationship to Head of Family was described a Partner. This suggests they may have possibly been in a same sex relationship. However, it is clear from the research undertaken that they went onto collaborate with a very close working partnership throughout their lives (11).

Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin & Helen Coleridge Davis, 1911 England Census © The National Archives & Find My Past (11)

Wakefield Girls' High School had opened in 1878 and Mabel and Helen worked under the leadership of headmistress Gertrude McCroben who was one of the pivotal figures in the history of school being headmistress from 1894 to 1921 (12).

The Wakefield Girls High School Jubilee booklet confirms that Mabel worked at the school from 1907 to 1913 and Helen from 1907 to 1911. Therefore, it may be possible they met when they joined the school in 1907 (13).

Helen's departure was recorded in the Wakefield High School Review from 1911 (14)

Mabel's departure was recorded in the Wakefield High School Review from 1913 where it states she left in July to take up social science work with Miss Davis in London (15).

According to Mabel's obituary from 1960 Mabel entered the London School of Economics in 1913 and gained one of the first diplomas in social studies (16).

The Wakefield High School Review from 1914 mentioned that Miss Cowlin had sent a large collection of books for Junior Forms when she left (17).

The Wakefield High School Review from 1915 mentioned that Miss Davis and Miss Cowlin were working together in Liverpool, chiefly in connection with the S.S.F.A. (18).

In January 1915 Mabel started working for the Liverpool Women Police Patrols which had been set up in November 1914. The Patrols began in conjunction with the National Council of Women before being established as an independent body funded by a grant from the city council. They were separate from the city's Police Force and a voluntary organisation. Mabel became the Director of of the Women Patrols and Training School (19 & 20)

The Patrols were concerned about deterring young women from loitering about in areas popular with servicemen and preventing teenage couples from courting in parks. They did not have the power to arrest people and did not become part of Liverpool's official police force until 1948. The only women working for Liverpool's police force at that time were "uniformed women working privately" (20)

In 1928 Cowlin appeared before the MacMillan Committee and was described as a "pioneer". She was particularly concerned with solicitation and saw it as a moral rather than criminal offence (19).

In December 1917 Mabel Cowlin and Helen Davis went to Colwyn Bay, North Wales where Mabel advocated the establishment of properly supervised recreation centres where males and females could meet as the influence of religion declined. Here they gave advice to those in Colwyn Bay who were considering forming a similar Comrades' Club (21).

North Wales Weekly News, 13th December 1917. © British Newspaper Archive & Find My Past (21)

At this time Helen Coleridge Davis was running Seaforth Social Club, Liverpool for men and girls with the main activities being dancing, games and music (21).

It was clear that Mabel and Helen were setting out on a life mission to try to help protect young people and enrich their lives.

North Wales Weekly News, 13th December 1917. © British Newspaper Archive & Find My Past (21)

In November 1918 Mabel was a patrol organiser and wrote a letter jointly with Edith E. Maciver who was the Chairman Women Patrols Committee requesting that women volunteer to for patrol work and contribute towards community work (22).

The 1921 Census showed that Mabel and Alice were living together as joint Head of Household at 6 Walmer Road, Waterloo, Liverpool. Mabel's occupation was Director of Liverpool Police Patrol and Training School for Women Police. She was employed by the Committee of Liverpool Women's Patrols at 5 Cases Street, Liverpool. Helen was a university tutor, employed by School of Social Studies at Liverpool University at Bedford Street, Liverpool. Helen was also a leader at Seaforth Social Club, employed by the committee of the club at Crosley Road, Seaforth. They had one General Domestic Servant (23).

Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin & Helen Coleridge Davis, 1921 England Census © The National Archives & Find My Past (23)

Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin & Helen Coleridge Davis, 1921 England Census © The National Archives & Find My Past (23)

By December 1927 Mabel appears to have left Liverpool and moved back to Bristol where she was an honorary secretary of the Free Church Council helping with the centenary commemoration of social reformer, Josephine Butler (24)

Western Daily Press, 5th December 1927. © British Newspaper Archive & Find My Past (24)

From 1929 onwards Mabel started giving a lot of talks on the subject of child welfare. One example from 22 March 1929 was to the Swindon and North Wiltshire Shelter for Girls. In her talk Mabel talked about how fourteen to eighteen year old girls were receiving the wrong type of freedom. More religious training was required in the home. She advocated that with shorter hours of labour and longer hours of leisure it was going to be a national disaster if the right use of leisure was not taught (25).

North Wilts Herald, 22nd March 1929. © British Newspaper Archive & Find My Past (25)

North Wilts Herald, 22nd March 1929. © British Newspaper Archive & Find My Past (25)

In July 1931 Mabel gave a talk about the work undertaken at a refuge home at Devizes, Wiltshire (26)

In November 1932 Mabel was honorary secretary of the Bristol branch at the Bristol branch of the National Council of Women. Mabel and Helen had both spoken at the National Council of Women conference (27). The National Council of Women researches where change was most needed and challenges government at the highest level in the quest to empower all women across the world (28).

In October 1933 Mabel whose address was now confirmed as Sneyd Park, near Redland, Bristol was the principal speaker at a Wells and District Welfare Association meeting. She was described as giving an inspiring address where she said that youth should be given the chance of a complete, balanced and controlled life. She said that mental instability was a frequent cause of immorality and that self control and discipline of the three-fold Nature- body, mind and spirit was the goal we should strive to reach. She also talked about the new Children's Act of 1933 by which no child under eight should be brought before any court except for its own protection and no person under seventeen may be brought before an adult court (29).

Mabel's influence was clear by November 1934 when as honorary secretary of the Women Police and Patrols Sectional Committee of the National Council of Women she made an address to the Coventry branch of the National Council of Women which led to a resolution being sent to Coventry City Council for women police to be added to the City Police Force. Mabel stated that women police were desirable in cases of offences committed against women and children. She went onto state that police matrons did good work but did not have the same powers as police officers. Women police must be given full powers (25).

Coventry Herald, 16th November 1934. © British Newspaper Archive & Find My Past (30)

Coventry Herald, 16th November 1934. © British Newspaper Archive & Find My Past (30)

In April 1937 Mabel attended the Provincial Policewomen's Conference in Leicester. Mabel wrote an article in which she stated it was unfair that male officers had to take statements from women offenders, make intimate inquiries in such cases as infanticide, watching female prisoners, attempted suicides and searching women's homes and lodgings. Mabel went onto state that there were 142 Police forces out of 181 in England and Wales without women police. Mabel went on to give reasons why so many police forces had no women officers which was often because of dilemmas of the Chief Constables. This was reported in the Leicester Evening Mail and Leicester Daily Mercury (31 & 32).

Leicester Evening Mail, 16th April 1937. © British Newspaper Archive & Find My Past (31)

Leicester Daily Mercury, 16th April 1937. © British Newspaper Archive & Find My Past (32)

In August 1937 Mabel was one of four women elected as a magistrate of the Bristol bench (33).

An article in the Western Daily Press from 27th September 1937 confirmed Mabel was chairman of the Holiday House Committee and dealt with the practical side in setting up a vacation home for professional and business girls at Blagdon Hill near, Bristol called "Fairways" a holiday house of the Bristol Wayfarers' Club (34)

An article from 30th March 1938 where Mabel was chief guest at the Swansea Soroptimist Club's annual dinner, Swansea reveals the extent of Mabel's activities.

• Chairman of Children's Work of the Diocesan Association for Moral Welfare.

• Member of the children's panel in courts.

• Vice president of the Bristol Association of Girls' Clubs.

• Holiday house in Blagdon for professional and business women.

• Member of the Child Guidance Committee.

• President of the Bristol branch for the National Council of Women (35).

According to her obituary Mabel had been the president of the National Council of Women in 1935 (18).

A photo of Mabel from the Swansea Soroptimist Club annual dinner was published in the Herald of Wales, 9th April 1938 with Mabel sitting on the front row third from left (36).

By March 1939 Mabel spoke about a new venture called Elm House in Cotham, Bristol that provided emergency shelter for stranded girls for a temporary period for protection, welcome and guidance. There were a lack of facilities in Bristol for girls in need of help. Elm House needed more funds. Helen Davis was also at the meeting and thanked Mrs Foster Robinson for her interest in the work and for the hospitality at her residence of St. Vincent's Hall, Clifton, Bristol (37).

The 1939 Register taken 29th September 1939 found Mabel living with her elder brother Francis Cowlin at 1 Ivywell Road, Bristol where she was listed as a voluntary social worker and old age pensioner. Clearly a well off family the three occupants had assistance from four people with a parlour maid, housemaid, cook and a between maid. Helen Davis was living in a separate location (38).

The 1939 Register shows Helen Davis living at 106 Pembroke Road, Clifton, Bristol. which was less than one mile from where Mabel lived. Helen's occupation was a retired organising secretary of a diocesan association and now a voluntary worker (39).

1939 Register. © The National Archives, Kew, London & Find My Past (39)

In January 1940 the Western Daily Press reported that Mabel did a talk at St. George's Parish Hall, Hotwell Road, Bristol about the need for a non-sectarian club for young men and women with a simple canteen, organised socials and provision for rest, reading and writing. This would combat the sufferings caused by loneliness (40).

Mabel was vice-chairman of the Bristol Council of Social Service from its inception in 1940 until 1956 (18).

In June 1943 Mabel wrote a letter to the Western Daily Press in her capacity as vice-chairman of Bristol Council of Social Service pleading with those who have rooms to let to accept married couples with children because landlords and landladies were refusing them accommodation (41).

Western Daily Press, 8th June 1943. © British Newspaper Archive & Find My Past (41)

In March 1949 Mabel wrote to the Western Daily Press in her capacity as chairman of York House (Bristol Rhode Island) Hostel confirming that it had accommodated over 30,000 women and children since 1941 and was seeking to exchange it for a house with eight or more bedrooms to meet this urgent and growing demand (42).

Western Daily Press, 31st March 1949. © British Newspaper Archive & Find My Past (42)

By November 1949 another newspaper article in the Western Daily Press confirmed that some 40,000 women and children had passed through York House hostel near Bristol Temple Meads Station in eight years. These included service women, land girls and teachers. Mabel paid tribute to the warden for her work (43).

Western Daily Press, 25th November 1949. © British Newspaper Archive & Find My Past (43)

As Mabel approached her mid 70's the newspaper articles she appeared in dwindled. In November 1951 she was pictured at the Bristol Business and Professional Women's Club's autumn fair which she opened (44)

Bristol Evening Post, 12th November 1951. © British Newspaper Archive & Find My Past (44)

An article from the Bristol Evening Post, 27th April 1957, confirmed that Mabel Cowlin a leading Bristol social worker would receive an honorary degree at Bristol University on 10th July 1957 alongside four others prominent individuals in Bristol and West Country life (45).

Bristol Evening Post, 27th April 1957. © British Newspaper Archive & Find My Past (45)

Mabel's death on the 7th June 1960 at the age of 83 was reported in the Bristol Evening Post on the 8th June 1960 with a glowing obituary of her remarkable life. The obituary uses the words 'pioneer' and 'legend' when describing Mabel. Professor H. D. F. Kitte paid tribute stated "Those who have worked with her in these many activities all speak with admiration of her humanity, knowledge, sagacity, energy, charm and wit." (18, 46 & 47).

Bristol Evening Post, 8th June 1960. © British Newspaper Archive & Find My Past (18)

The Index of Wills of Administration show that Mabel of Netherdown, The Avenue, Sneyd Park, Bristol left effects of £30,597 15s 10d (48).

Mabel's will was five pages in length. In her will she states "I give (free of duty) to my friend Helen Coleridge Davis of 106 Pembroke Road, Clifton, Bristol any furniture or books of mine in her keeping at the date of my death."

She left Helen Coleridge Davis a weekly sum of five pounds. If Helen survived Mabel by more than three months she would receive an additional annuity of two hundred and forty pounds for life to be paid in equal quarterly instalments.

The Missionary Settlement for University Women, the Bristol Council for Social Service and the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (NSPCC) were to each receive two hundred and fifty pounds (49).

Helen Coleridge Davis died between January and March quarter, 1969 in the Bristol Registration District (50).

There was no doubt that Mabel and Helen were dedicated to the cause of welfare of young people, particularly the safety and welfare of young women. Mabel appears to have been in the limelight more. Mabel seems to have carried out a significant amount of voluntary work and was fortunate to come from a family who appeared to be financially secure. Rather than rest on her laurels and have a comfortable life she pushed, campaigned, organised, communicated and dedicated her life admirably to protecting the welfare of young women and making life better for those less fortunate than herself.

Sources:

1. Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin Birth , Oct-Dec 1876. General Register Office. Bristol, Vol 6a, Page 24.

2. The Clevedon Mercury and Courier, 3rd August 1940, page 4. British Newspaper Archive. Digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Clevedon Mercury 03 August 1940 Page 4 | findmypast.co.uk

3. Ordnance Survey Map, Bristol, 25.344 x 38.016 Inch, Gloucestershire LXXII.13.11. Surveyed 1881, Published 1884. Digital image, National Library of Scotland. View map: Ordnance Survey, OS town plan - Bristol sheet LXXII.13.11 - Ordnance Survey Town Plans of England and Wales, 1840s-1890s

4. Mabel Cowlin Baptism, Parish Baptism Register, St. Paul, Bristol, 1877. page 188. Archive reference: P/ST P/R/1D. Bristol Archives. Transcript created by Find My Past using the original records held at the Bristol Archives. Record Transcription: Gloucestershire Baptisms | findmypast.co.uk

5. Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin, 1881 England Census, Archive reference: RG11; RD Bristol; Sub district St. Paul; Piece No. 2471; Folio 77; Page 17; Schedule 671, digital image, Find My Past. England, Wales & Scotland Census. Original held by The National Archives, Kew, London. Record Transcription: 1881 England, Wales & Scotland Census | findmypast.co.uk

6. William Henry Cowlin & Annie Scull Marriage, Parish Marriage Register, 1866. Archive reference: P/St.C/R/2/a). Transcript created by Find My Past from family Search. Original records at Bristol Archives. Record Transcription: Gloucestershire Marriages | findmypast.co.uk

7. Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin. 1891 England Census, Archive reference: RG12; RD Barton Regis; Sub district Westbury; ED16; Piece No. 1988; Folio 149; Page 3; Schedule 16, digital image, Find My Past. England, Wales & Scotland Census. Original held by The National Archives, Kew, London. Record Transcription: 1891 England, Wales & Scotland Census | findmypast.co.uk

8. General Register Office. General Register Office - Online Indexes - Search the GRO Online Indexes

9. Clifton Society, 17th November 1892, page 10. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Clifton Society 17 November 1892 Page 10 | findmypast.co.uk

10. Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin. 1901 England Census, Archive series: RG13; RD Bakewell; Sub district Bakewell; ED3; Piece No. 3262; Folio 54; Page 11; Schedule 62, digital image, Find My Past. England, Wales & Scotland Census. Original held by The National Archives, Kew, London. Record Transcription: 1901 England, Wales & Scotland Census | findmypast.co.uk

11. Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin & Helen Coleridge Davis. 1911 England Census, RG14; RD504; SD4; ED1; Piece No. 27377; Schedule 161, digital image, Find My Past. England, Wales & Scotland Census. Original held by The National Archives, Kew, London. Record Transcription: 1911 Census For England & Wales | findmypast.co.uk

12. Gertrude McCroben, Forgotten Women of Wakefield. Gertrude McCroben – The Forgotten Women of Wakefield

13. Wakefield Girls School Jubilee, 1878-1928, Records of the Past, The Staff, page 39 Jubilee_Bookocr.pdf

14. Wakefield High School Review, 1911, page 3. Wakefield Grammar School Foundation Online Community

15. Wakefield High School Review, 1913, page 3. Wakefield Grammar School Foundation Online Community

16. Bristol Evening Post, 8th June 1960, page 17. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Bristol Evening Post 08 June 1960 Page 17 | findmypast.co.uk

17. Wakefield High School Review, 1914, page 11. Wakefield Grammar School Foundation Online Community

18. Wakefield High School Review, 1915, page 3. Wakefield Grammar School Foundation Online Community

19. The “Gateway to Adventure”: Women, Urban Space and Moral Purity in Liverpool c. 1908-c. 1957. 2012, page 80. A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in the Faculty of Humanities by Samantha Caslin-Bell. The Gateway to Adventure - Final Thesis

20. Crime & Policing, Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences, Dr Samantha Caslin, University of Liverpool. Crime and Policing | University of Liverpool, Centre for Digital Humanities, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences,Research Projects, Sisters of Mersey, Crime and Policing | Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences | University of Liverpool

21. North Wales Weekly News, 13th December 1917, page 6. British Newspaper Archive. Digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. North Wales Weekly News 13 December 1917 Page 6 | findmypast.co.uk

22. Liverpool Daily Post, 2nd November 1918, page 7. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Liverpool Daily Post 02 November 1918 Page 7 | findmypast.co.uk

23. Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin & Helen Coleridge Davis, 1921 Census, Archive reference: RG15; Piece No. 17504; Schedule 264, digital image, Find My Past. England, Wales & Scotland Census. Original held by The National Archives, Kew, London. Record Transcription: 1921 Census Of England & Wales | findmypast.co.uk

24. Western Daily Press, 5th December 1927, page 7. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Western Daily Press 05 December 1927 Page 7 | findmypast.co.uk

25. North Wiltshire Herald, 22nd March 1929, page 5. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. North Wilts Herald 22 March 1929 Page 5 | findmypast.co.uk

26. Wiltshire Times & Trowbridge Advertiser, 4th July 1931, page 12. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Wiltshire Times and Trowbridge Advertiser 04 July 1931 Page 12 | findmypast.co.uk

27. Western Daily Press, 12th November 1932, page 13. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Western Daily Press 12 November 1932 Page 13 | findmypast.co.uk

28. National Council of Women of Great Britain. Home - National Council of Women

29. Wells Journal, 6th October 1933, page 1. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Wells Journal 06 October 1933 Page 1 | findmypast.co.uk

30. Coventry Herald, 16th November 1934, page 13. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Coventry Herald 16 November 1934 Page 13 | findmypast.co.uk

31. Leicester Evening Mail, 16th April 1937, page 8. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Leicester Evening Mail 16 April 1937 Page 8 | findmypast.co.uk

32. Leicester Daily Mercury, 16th April 1937, page 17. British Newspaper Archive. Digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Leicester Daily Mercury 16 April 1937 Page 17 | findmypast.co.uk

33. Western Daily Press, 21st August 1937, page 7. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Western Daily Press 12 November 1932 Page 13 | findmypast.co.uk

34. Western Daily Press, 27th September 1937, page 5. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Western Daily Press 27 September 1937 Page 5 | findmypast.co.uk

35. South Wales Daily Post, 30th March 1938, page 6. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. South Wales Daily Post 30 March 1938 Page 6 | findmypast.co.uk

36. Herald of Wales, 9th April 1938, page 9. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Herald of Wales 09 April 1938 Page 9 | findmypast.co.uk

37. Western Daily Press, 14th March 1939, page 8. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Western Daily Press 14 March 1939 Page 8 | findmypast.co.uk

38. Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin, 1939 Register. Archive reference RG101; ED: OAUA; Schedule No. 196; Sub Schedule No. 3; Item No. 16; Line No. 3. digital image, Find My Past. Original held The National Archives, Kew, London. Record Transcription: 1939 Register | findmypast.co.uk

39. Helen Davis, 1939 Register. Archive reference RG101; ED: OAAC; Schedule No. 48; Sub Schedule No. 1; Item No. 6; Line No. 11, digital image, Find My Past. Original held The National Archives, Kew, London. Record Transcription: 1939 Register | findmypast.co.uk

40. Western Daily Press, 24th January 1940, page 4. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Western Daily Press 24 January 1940 Page 4 | findmypast.co.uk

41. Western Daily Press, 8th June 1943, page 2. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Western Daily Press 08 June 1943 Page 2 | findmypast.co.uk

42. Western Daily Press, 31st March 1949, page 3. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Western Daily Press 31 March 1949 Page 3 | findmypast.co.uk

43. Western Daily Press, 25th November 1949, page 6. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Western Daily Press 25 November 1949 Page 6 | findmypast.co.uk

44. Bristol Evening Post, 12th November 1951, page 7. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Bristol Evening Post 12 November 1951 Page 7 | findmypast.co.uk

45. Bristol Evening Post, 27th April 1957, page 1. British Newspaper Archive, digital image, Find My Past. Originals at British Library National Newspaper Building at Boston Spa, West Yorkshire. Bristol Evening Post 27 April 1957 Page 1 | findmypast.co.uk

46. Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin Memorial, Find a Grave. Memorial ID 274117634 Mabel Hephzibah Cowlin (1877-1960) - Find a Grave Memorial

47. Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin Death, Apr-Jun 1960, FreeBMD GRO Ref: Bristol, Vol 7b, Page 54. Original record, General Register Officer. FreeBMD - Search

48. Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin, England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administration), 1858-1995. Original data: Principal Probate Registry. Calendar of the Grants of Probate and Letters of Administration made in the Probate Registries of the High Court of Justice in England. London. England & Wales, National Probate Calendar (Index of Wills and Administrations), 1858-1995 - Ancestry.co.uk

49. Mabel Hepzibah Cowlin, Find a Will, UK Government. Search probate records for documents and wills (England and Wales) - GOV.UK

50. Helen Coleridge Davis Death, Jan-Mar 1969, FreeBMD GRO Ref: Wakefield, Vol 7b, Page 11. Original record, General Register Officer. FreeBMD - Search